{"id":111,"date":"2009-10-07T21:50:44","date_gmt":"2009-10-07T20:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/armanami.org\/blog\/?page_id=111"},"modified":"2009-10-07T21:50:44","modified_gmt":"2009-10-07T20:50:44","slug":"lectsia-13","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.armanami.org\/blog\/cultura-armanasca\/cursuri-ti-scriari\/lectsia-13\/","title":{"rendered":"LECTSIA 13"},"content":{"rendered":"

LECTSIA 13 – SCRIAREA-A LITIRILOR N, NJ, O, P, R<\/span><\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

LITIRILI N, NJ
\nDup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 i parti dit litira compus\u00e3 nj), litira n ari dau\u00e3 sonuri:
\n(i) poati s-aib\u00e3 sonlu-timelj, ascur, c\u00e3ndu nu easti n\u00e3intea-a litir\u00e3ljei j, ca tu zboar\u00e3li car-ni, na-ri, nea-u\u00e3, ni-pot, xea-ni, etc. shi, <\/span>
\n(ii) poati s-aib\u00e3 un son muljat, c\u00e3ndu easti n\u00e3intea-a litir\u00e3ljei j, parti dit litira compus\u00e3 nj, ca tu zboar\u00e3li lu-nji-n\u00e3, nja-ri, etc.
\nNu-avem prublemi m\u00e3ri cu scriarea-a sonlui n, ascur ic\u00e3 muljat. Mash c\u00e3 vrem s-adutsem aminti ndau\u00e3 reguli tr\u00e3 cari, ma multili, avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 n\u00e3inti, tu un\u00e3 alt\u00e3 lectsii.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3: (1) Sonurli e shi i, c\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 nj:
\n(i) nu si scriu, c\u00e3ndu suntu semivocali; <\/span>
\n(ii) si scriu c\u00e3ndu suntu vocali.
\n(2) C\u00e3ndu un zbor ari dau\u00e3 varianti: <\/span>
\n(i) un\u00e3 variant\u00e3 cu litirili n shi j dit gruparea di litiri nj cari s- pronunts\u00e3 ca dau\u00e3 litiri ahoryea, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) alt\u00e3 variant\u00e3 iu litirili nj s-avdu ca gruparea di litiri ngi\/nge, <\/span>
\nscriarea lipseashti si s-fac\u00e3 cu ngi\/nge, nu cu nj. <\/span>
\n(3) Zboar\u00e3li cari:
\n(i) pot si s-avd\u00e3 dau\u00e3 turlii, sh-cu sonlu m sh-cu sonlu n, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonurlor b, p, t shi ts,
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n. <\/span>
\nAlanti tuti cari s-avdu un\u00e3 singur\u00e3 turlie, ic\u00e3 cu m, ic\u00e3 cu n, lipsescu scriari ashi cum s-avdu.
\n(5) Ma multili zboar\u00e3 tsi au sonlu m\/n n\u00e3intea-a sonurlor f shi v, va si s\u00e3 scrii cu n, nu cu m. Ma suntu shi zboar\u00e3 tsi si scriu cu m. Aesti zboar\u00e3 va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.
\n(6) Zboar\u00e3li tsi s-avdu cu sonurli rn shi mn, sh-cari tu ndau\u00e3 grai sh-lu-au chirut\u00e3 n-lu shi s-avdu mash cu r shi m, lipsescu scriari totna cu rn shi mn.
\nExceptsii la aesti reguli va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, <\/span>
\n(1) (i) Semivocalili e shi i nu lipsescu scriari c\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 nj; ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-linj, ar-m\u00e3nj, cu-pa-nja, cu-p\u00e3nj, di-punj, dur-njam, gionj, i-njoa-r\u00e3, nja-ri, nju-riz-m\u00e3, tim-nja-m\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari: a-linji, ar-m\u00e3nji, cu-pa-njea, cu-p\u00e3nji, di-punji, dur-njiam\/dur-njeam, gionji, i-njioa-r\u00e3, njia-ri\/njea-ri, njiu-riz-m\u00e3, tim-njia-m\u00e3\/tim-njea-m\u00e3, etc.
\n(ii) Vocalili e shi i lipsescu scriari c\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 nj; ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-r\u00e3-nji\/a-r\u00e3-nje, cu-pa-nji\/cu-pa-nje, diz-njer-du, dur-njit, ir-nji-i\/ir-nji-e, lu-nji-n\u00e3, njedz, njel, njer-gu, njic, nji-l\u00e3, ti-nji-i\/ti-nji-e, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 di ma nsus nu lipsescu scriari ca: a-r\u00e3-nj, cu-pa-nj, dur-njt, ir-nj-i\/ir-nj-e, lu-nj-n\u00e3, njc, nj-l\u00e3, ti-nj-i\/ti-nj-e, etc.
\nNot\u00e3 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3, scriarea ic\u00e3 niscriarea-a i-lui shcurtu tsi yini dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 nj, poati s-agiut\u00e3 di multi ori la alidzearea singularlui di plural, a masculinlui di fiminin shi a persoan\u00e3lei di la congiugarea-a verbilor. Ashi, bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, avem: <\/span>
\n(i) substantivlu di-cu-nji, la singular, iu i-lu dit soni si scrii c\u00e3 easti lungu, shi zborlu di-cunj, la plural, iu i-lu dit soni (dup\u00e3 n) easti shcurtu shi nu si scrii; <\/span>
\n(ii) substantivlu stranj, la singular (cu iu-shcurtu tu bitisita-a zborlui tsi nu si ngr\u00e3pseashti) shi stra-nji la plural, cu i-lungu; <\/span>
\n(iii) adgectivlu di-hanj, la masculin shi di-ha-nji, la feminin; shi
\n(iv) verbul an-cunj, la prota shi la a daua persoan\u00e3 shi an-cu-nji, la persoana-a 3-a, etc.<\/p>\n

(2) C\u00e3ndu avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 di litira j, avem dz\u00e3s\u00e3 c\u00e3 avem zboar\u00e3-exceptsii shi neologhismi iu dau\u00e3li litiri n shi j – tsi pot s-hib\u00e3 scriati deadun ca litira compus\u00e3 nj – s-avdu ca dau\u00e3 litiri ahoryea, n-j. Aesti zboar\u00e3 fur\u00e3 dati, ashi cum lipsescu scriari cu ge\/gi, ca: con-gi, giun-giu-l\u00e3, h\u00e3n-gear, hin-gi, fin-gi, etc. Zboar\u00e3li di ma nsus nu lipsescu scriari cu j ca: con-ji, jun-ju-l\u00e3, h\u00e3n-jar, hin-ji, shi fin-ji, etc. <\/span>
\nAvem un\u00e3 exceptsie, verbul nji-redz (shi dirivatili-a lui) iu sonlu n s-avdi ahoryea di j, zbor tsi s-citeashti n’ji-redz. Avem shi zboar\u00e3li-neologhismi cari, dup\u00e3 noi, lipsescu scriari ca: a-ran-gea-men-tu, con-giunc-tsi-i\/con-giunc-tsi-e, in-gec-tsi-i\/in-gec-tsi-e etc. Eali va poat\u00e3 s-arm\u00e3n\u00e3, tr\u00e3 tora di oar\u00e3, exceptsii, cari pot s-hib\u00e3 scriati shi ca: a-ran-ja-men-tu, con-junc-tsi-i\/con-junc-tsi-e, in-jec-tsi-i\/in-jec-tsi-e, etc.<\/p>\n

(3) C\u00e3ndu avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 di litira m, avem dz\u00e3s\u00e3 c\u00e3 suntu multi zboar\u00e3 tsi pot si s-pronunts\u00e3 dau\u00e3 turlii, sh-cu sonlu m sh-cu sonlu n. Aclo avem aspus\u00e3 regulili di scriari shi avem dat\u00e3 ar\u00e3dz di zboar\u00e3 tsi si scriu cu m sh-ar\u00e3dz di zboar\u00e3 tsi si ngr\u00e3psescu cu n. Tra s-nu zbur\u00e3m diznou di idyiul lucru, cititorlu easti pitricut la discutsia di la litira m.<\/p>\n

(4) Suntu graiuri f\u00e3rshiruteshti, iu litira n cari yini dup\u00e3 litira r, ic\u00e3 m (sh-poati sh-alti), s-cheari dit zbur\u00e3ri, nu s-pronunts\u00e3 shi nu si ngr\u00e3pseashti. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 lipsescu totna scriari cu gruparea di litiri rn shi mn ca, zboar\u00e3li: car-ni, g\u00e3r-nuts, iar-n\u00e3, lem-nu, scam-nu, sem-nu, som-nu, toar-n\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nEali nu lipsescu scriari ca: car\u00e3, g\u00e3-ruts, ia-r\u00e3, lem, scam, sem, som, toa-r\u00e3, etc. – cu tuti c\u00e3 pot si s-avd\u00e3, c\u00e3 ashi l\u00e3 easti grailu di-acas\u00e3, f\u00e3r\u00e3 litira n, mash cu litirili r shi m.
\nSingura exceptsii, poati, easti pronumili v\u00e3r-nu\/v\u00e3r-n\u00e3, cari ari forma v\u00e3r\/v\u00e3-r\u00e3, un\u00e3 virsiuni comun\u00e3 tu tuti graili arm\u00e3neshti.<\/p>\n

LITIRA O
\nLitira o ari trei sonuri: <\/span>
\n(i) poati s-aib\u00e3 sonlu a ljei-timelj, di vocal\u00e3 o;
\n(ii) poati si s-avd\u00e3 muljat, ca vocal\u00e3, cu un\u00e3 semivocal\u00e3 i dininti (tsi s-avdi ma nu si scrii), va dz\u00e3c\u00e3, un son tsi si scrii o shi s-avdi ca un diftongu io (semivocal\u00e3 i); shi <\/span>
\n(iii) poati si s-pronunts\u00e3 ca un\u00e3 semivocal\u00e3 o, parti dit un diftongu ic\u00e3 un triftongu, oa\/ua, oai\/uai, shi iou.<\/p>\n

Sonlu 1 di Timelj: Vocala o
\n(c\u00e3ndu s-avdi o, NU s-avdi ca diftongul io)
\nVocala o poati s-aib\u00e3 sonlu-timelj, shi si s-afl\u00e3: <\/span>
\n(i) ca un\u00e3 vocal\u00e3 tsi s-avdi ahoryea, f\u00e3r\u00e3 alti semivocale tu idyea silab\u00e3, ca tu zboar\u00e3li: cai-mo, chi-ro, cu-nos-cu, i-ca-no, o-clju, of-ti-c\u00e3\/oh-ti-c\u00e3, oh-tu, o-lug\/u-log, om, op-si, op-tu, or, or-bu, or-din, or-dzu, o-ri-xi, or-nji, os, pi-raz-mo, por-tu, tot-na, su-ro, va-sil-co, zbor, etc. ic\u00e3
\n(ii) ca un\u00e3 vocal\u00e3 tsi s-avdi, tu idyea silab\u00e3, deadun cu alti semivocali (i shi u), sh-fatsi parti dit diftondz\u00e3lj ic\u00e3 triftondz\u00e3lj io, oi, ou, ioi shi iou, ca tu zboar\u00e3li: \u00e3n-ghios, boi (pr\u00e3vdz\u00e3), bou, ci-cior, diz-nou, fi-cior, Gioi, gio-ni, iou, nou, ploi, voi, etc. <\/span>
\nZborlu iou (tsi va dz\u00e3c\u00e3, io, mini) easti singurlu zbor cu triftongul iou tsi putum s-lu-afl\u00e3m tu dictsiunarlu-al Papahagi.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3 – Diftongul io shi triftondz\u00e3lj ioi shi iou, nu lipsescu v\u00e3rn\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari ca: eo, eoi, shi eou.<\/p>\n

Not\u00e3 – Aoatsi zbur\u00e3m di diftondz\u00e3 shi triftondz\u00e3, nu di grupuri di litiri tsi ts\u00e3n di dau\u00e3 i ma multi silabi. Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, gruplu di litiri io, oi, ic\u00e3 ou dit zboar\u00e3li a-m\u00e3r-ti-os, bo-i\/bo-e (bueau\u00e3), ciu-di-os, h\u00e3-ri-os, ni-oas-pi\/ni-oas-pe, ni-or, pa-tri-ot, pri-o-ni\/pri-o-ne, pro-ur, etc. nu easti diftongu; c\u00e3 vocala (nu semivocala) i\/u s-afl\u00e3 tu un\u00e3, shi vocala o tu alant\u00e3 silab\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Sonlu 2: Vocala Muljat\u00e3 o
\n(c\u00e3ndu s-avdi, ma NU si scrii, ca diftongul io)
\nC\u00e3ndu litira o yini dup\u00e3 consoanili (simpli i compusi) j, sh, lj, shi nj – cari s-avdu cu un\u00e3 semivocal\u00e3 i tu bitisit\u00e3 tsi nu si scrii – litira o s-moalji shi, cu tuti c\u00e3 si scrii o, s-pronunts\u00e3 ca diftongul io.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3 – Sonlu io tsi yini dup\u00e3 consoanili simpli i compusi j, nj, lj shi sh, lipseashti totna scriari o, nu va v\u00e3rn\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari io.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, zboar\u00e3li di ma nghios lipsescu totna scriari ca: a-cri-shor, a-di-ljos, a-r\u00e3-njos, bu-su-ljoc, c\u00e3-mi-sho-t\u00e3, c\u00e3s-tr\u00e3-njot, fu-ljor, fljon-gu, g\u00e3r-ni-shor, li-shor, m\u00e3-jo-t\u00e3\/m\u00e3-sho-t\u00e3, mush-cljos, njic-shor, pljop, pu-lji-shor, shcljop, shoa-ric, shonj, sho-put, sta-njo, sta-sho-ni, t\u00e3-ljos, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu v\u00e3r\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari ca: a-cri-shior, a-di-ljios, a-r\u00e3-njios, bu-su-ljioc, c\u00e3-mi-shio-t\u00e3, c\u00e3s-tr\u00e3-njiot, fu-ljior, fljion-gu, g\u00e3r-ni-shior, li-shior, m\u00e3-jio-t\u00e3\/m\u00e3-shio-t\u00e3, mush-cljios, njic-shior, pljiop, pu-lji-shior, shcljiop, shioa-ric, shionj, shio-put, sta-njio, sta-shio-ni, t\u00e3-ljios, etc.<\/p>\n

Sonlu 3: Semivocala o (tsi s-avdi sh-ca u)
\nSonlu o s-avdi ca un\u00e3 semivocal\u00e3 tu diftongul ic\u00e3 triftondz\u00e3lj oa\/ua, oai\/uai, oau\/uau, shi ioa (vocal\u00e3 a, semivocali i, o shi u). <\/span>
\nTu lectsia-a sonlui a, avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 tr-aeshti diftondz\u00e3 shi triftondz\u00e3. Ma, tr-atselj tsi nu l\u00e3 easti aproapea di m\u00e3n\u00e3 (prohir\u00e3) aest\u00e3 lectsii, d\u00e3m ma nghios paragrafili tsi au s-fac\u00e3 cu-aest\u00e3 prublem\u00e3.<\/p>\n

\u00c3n general, zboar\u00e3li tsi au diftongul oa\/ua shi triftondz\u00e3lj ioa\/iua, oai\/uai shi oau\/uau (vocal\u00e3 a, semivocali i\/o\/u) lipsescu scriari cu oa, nu cu ua, ca zboar\u00e3li: a-oa\/a-oa-tsi, a-oal-tadz\/a-oal-tari\/a-oar-tari, az-boai-r\u00e3, ca-fi-gioa-nji, ci-cioa-ri, cioa-li, cioa-min, cioa-r\u00e3, cioa-ric, coa-s\u00e3, gioa-c\u00e3, gioa-n\u00e3, loai, loa-r\u00e3, lu-cr\u00e3-toa-ri, moa-r\u00e3, moar-ti, mus-t\u00e3-cioa-r\u00e3, ni-goai-d\u00e3, oa-r\u00e3, pa-ra-loai, pli-cioa-s\u00e3, plu-ioa-s\u00e3, poa-rt\u00e3, s\u00e3-n\u00e3-toa-s\u00e3, shi-c\u00e3-gioa-nji, etc. <\/span>
\nZboar\u00e3li di ma nsus nu lipsescu v\u00e3r\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari cu ua: a-ua\/a-ua-tsi, a-ual-tadz\/a-ual-tari\/a-uar-tari, az-buai-r\u00e3, ca-fi-giua-nji, ci-ciua-ri, ciua-li, ciua-min, ciua-r\u00e3, ciua-ric, cua-s\u00e3, giua-c\u00e3, giua-n\u00e3, luai, lua-r\u00e3, lu-cr\u00e3-tua-ri, mua-r\u00e3, muar-ti, mus-t\u00e3-ciua-r\u00e3, ni-guai-d\u00e3, ua-r\u00e3, pa-ra-luai, pli-ciua-s\u00e3, plu-iua-s\u00e3, pua-rt\u00e3, s\u00e3-n\u00e3-tua-s\u00e3, shi-c\u00e3-giua-nji, etc.
\nAvem vidzut\u00e3, di multi ori, c\u00e3 s-fatsi alathus la scriarea-a zboar\u00e3lor: a-oa\/a-oa-tsi, loai, loa-r\u00e3, oa-r\u00e3, pa-ra-loai, poa-rt\u00e3, etc. Vidzum lumi tsi li scrii, ashi cum nu lipsescu v\u00e3rn\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari ca: a-ua\/a-ua-tsi, luai, lua-r\u00e3, ua-r\u00e3, pa-ra-luai, pua-rt\u00e3, etc.
\nExceptsii – (i) Avem zboar\u00e3 tsi traditsiunal lipsescu scriari cu ua ca: mua-be-ti, mua-gir (iu ua easti, di ma multi ori, pronuntsat sh-disp\u00e3rts\u00e3t tu dau\u00e3 silabi ca: mu-a-be-ti, mu-a-gir), etc. Aesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari: moa-be-ti, moa-gir, etc.
\n(ii) Substantivi fiminini cari bitisescu, la singular, cu diftongul u\u00e3, au forma articulat\u00e3 cari lipseashti scriari cu ua, ca zboar\u00e3li: a-ra-ua\/a-roa-ua, cu-ra-ua, da-ua\/doa-ua, grea-ua, ha-ra-ua, ha-ua, na-ua\/noa-ua, nea-ua, p\u00e3-tlja-ua, stea-ua, etc. (c\u00e3 formili lor niarticulati suntu: a-ra-u\u00e3\/a-roa-u\u00e3, cu-ra-u\u00e3, da-u\u00e3\/doa-u\u00e3, grea-u\u00e3, ha-ra-u\u00e3, ha-u\u00e3, na-u\u00e3\/noa-u\u00e3, nea-u\u00e3, p\u00e3-tlja-u\u00e3, stea-u\u00e3, etc.).
\n(iii) Diftongu ic\u00e3 triftongu (c\u00e3tiv\u00e3roar\u00e3 silabi cu un\u00e3 vocal\u00e3 a shi trei semivocali) tsi s-amint\u00e3 dit sonuri tsi yin dit dau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 cari s-avdu deadun ca un singur zbor, protlu tsi bitiseashti cu u sh-andoilu tsi nchiseashti cu a. Aesti zboar\u00e3 suntu scriati ahoryea ma ligati cu un\u00e3 cratim\u00e3. Eali lipsescu scriari ca tu expresiili: (c\u00e3ts\u00e3)lu-a(tsel); (iu) u-ai (s-ti duts); iu-ai (s-ti duts); iu-au (s-duc\u00e3); etc. nu lipsescu scriari ca: (c\u00e3ts\u00e3)lo-a(tsel); iu o-ai (s-ti duts); io-ai (s-ti duts); io-au (s-duc\u00e3); etc.<\/p>\n

Not\u00e3 1 – Dz\u00e3tsem diftondz\u00e3 shi triftondz\u00e3, nu dz\u00e3tsem grupuri di litiri, c\u00e3 tuti vocalili shi semivocalili s-afl\u00e3 tu idyea silab\u00e3. Tr-atsea, dz\u00e3tsem c\u00e3 tu zboar\u00e3li: a-r\u00e3z-boa-i\/a-r\u00e3z-boa-e, a-roa-u\u00e3, ploa-i\/ploa-e, oa-i\/oa-e, avem diftondz\u00e3lj oa, nu triftondz\u00e3lj oai, oau. <\/span>
\nNot\u00e3 2 – C\u00e3tiv\u00e3r\u00e3oar\u00e3, sonlu oa, oai\/uai, oau\/uau poati si s-pronunts\u00e3 ca sonlu ioa\/eoa, ioai\/iuai, ioau\/iuau (semivocal\u00e3 e\/i tsi s-avdi ma nu si scrii c\u00e3ndu yini dup\u00e3 litirli compusi lj, nj shi sh). Ashi avem zboar\u00e3 tsi lipsescu scriari ca: a-di-ljoa-s\u00e3, a-r\u00e3-njoa-s\u00e3, bi-du-cljoa-s\u00e3, f\u00e3n-t\u00e3-njoa-r\u00e3, fu-ljoa-ri, jgljoa-t\u00e3, li-shoa-r\u00e3, sc\u00e3n-ti-ljoa-s\u00e3, shcljoa-p\u00e3, shoa-ric, t\u00e3-ljoa-s\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nZboar\u00e3li di ma nsus nu lipsescu v\u00e3rn\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari cu semivocala i ca: a-di-ljioa-s\u00e3, a-r\u00e3-njioa-s\u00e3, bi-du-cljioa-s\u00e3, f\u00e3n-t\u00e3-njioa-r\u00e3, fu-ljioa-ri, jgljioa-t\u00e3, li-shioa-r\u00e3, sc\u00e3n-ti-ljioa-s\u00e3, shcljioa-p\u00e3, shioa-ric, t\u00e3-ljioa-s\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nEali nu vor scriari nec\u00e3 cu semivocala e: a-di-ljeoa-s\u00e3, a-r\u00e3-njeoa-s\u00e3, bi-du-cljeoa-s\u00e3, f\u00e3n-t\u00e3-njeoa-r\u00e3, fu-ljeoa-ri, jgljeoa-t\u00e3, li-sheoa-r\u00e3, sc\u00e3n-ti-ljeoa-s\u00e3, shcljeoa-p\u00e3, sheoa-ric, t\u00e3-ljeoa-s\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nNota 3 – C\u00e3tiv\u00e3roar\u00e3 triftongul oau si scrii ca un\u00e3 silab\u00e3 cu patru vocali shi semivocali, oau\u00e3 iu semivocala \u00e3 poati s-hib\u00e3 mut\u00e3. <\/span>
\nAshi avem zboar\u00e3 ca: doau\u00e3-li\/doau\u00e3-lor, noau\u00e3-li\/noau\u00e3-lor, oau\u00e3-li\/oau\u00e3-lor, etc. tsi suntu formili articulati di la zboar\u00e3 ca: doau\u00e3, noau\u00e3, oau\u00e3, etc. (zboar\u00e3 tsi pot si s-avd\u00e3 sh-cu trei silabi ca: doa-u\u00e3-li\/doa-u\u00e3-lor, noa-u\u00e3-li\/noa-u\u00e3-lor, oa-u\u00e3-li\/oa-u\u00e3-lor, etc.).<\/p>\n

LITIRA P
\nLitira p, ari mash un singur son-timelj ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-rap, crea-p\u00e3, cu-pa-nji, p\u00e3n-ti-c\u00e3, pea-n\u00e3, pis-ti, etc.
\nSingura prublem\u00e3 tsi u-avem aoatsi, easti cu scriarea-a unor zboar\u00e3 tsi pot si s-avd\u00e3 sh-cu p, ma pot si s-avd\u00e3 sh-cu b, dup\u00e3 cum easti grailu-a omlui. Tr-aest\u00e3 prublem\u00e3 zbur\u00e3m tu lectsia-a litir\u00e3ljei b. Cu tuti c\u00e3 cititorlu poati s-hib\u00e3 pitricut aclo, minduim c\u00e3 easti ghini ca regula s-hib\u00e3 dat\u00e3 diznou ma nghios.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3: Zboar\u00e3li tsi pot s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati shi scriati shi cu mb shi cu mp, lipsescu scriari cu mp. Aesti zboar\u00e3 va poat\u00e3 s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati cu sonurli mb ic\u00e3 mp, dup\u00e3 cum va s-u va omlu.
\nExceptsii la aesti reguli va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, avem zboar\u00e3 tsi lipsescu scriari ca: am-p\u00e3-tu-ra-ri, am-pla-tea, am-pl\u00e3-tes-cu, am-put, lam-p\u00e3, lim-pi-di, mpa-di, mpi-zu-es-cu, mpros-tu, mprus-tedz, scum-pu, st\u00e3m-pu-ses-cu, tram-p\u00e3, trum-pe-t\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari ca: am-b\u00e3-tu-ra-ri, am-bla-tea, am-bl\u00e3-tes-cu, am-but, lam-b\u00e3, lim-bi-di, mba-di, mbi-zu-es-cu, mbros-tu, mbrus-tedz, scum-bu, st\u00e3m-bu-ses-cu, tram-b\u00e3, trum-be-t\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nNota 1 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 forma cama cunuscut\u00e3 di la ndau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 di ma nsus, ca zboar\u00e3li: lam-b\u00e3 shi trum-be-t\u00e3 bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, poati s-aib\u00e3 forma cu b, nu cu p. Alti exempli-exceptsii, ca zborlu O-lim-pu, bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, cari di ma multili ori s-pronunts\u00e3 E-lim-bu, suntu aspusi tu dictsiunar.
\nNota 2 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 aoatsi zbur\u00e3m di zboar\u00e3li tsi pot si s-avd\u00e3 dau\u00e3 turlii, sh-cu mb sh-cu mp. Nu zbur\u00e3m di zboari ca am-bar\/mbar, tsi s-pronunts\u00e3 mash cu sonlu b, ic\u00e3 mplin tsi s-pronunts\u00e3 mash cu p.<\/p>\n

LITIRA R
\nLitira r ari mash un son-timelj, ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-ra-n\u00e3, ar-m\u00e3n, car-ni, poar-t\u00e3, zo-ri, etc. <\/span>
\nUn andoilu son cari s-afl\u00e3 mash la graili f\u00e3rshiruteshti, easti un son r ascur sh-lungu, tr\u00e3 cari adetea easti si s\u00e3 ngr\u00e3pseasc\u00e3 cu rr (dublu-r). Cum, la alanti graiuri arm\u00e3neshti, aest\u00e3 pronuntsari easti multu puts\u00e3n cunuscut\u00e3, scriarea cu dublu-r, nu easti aprucheat\u00e3 aoa.<\/p>\n

\nPRUBLEM\u00c3
\nTu-aest\u00e3 prublem\u00e3 va d\u00e3m un textu tu cari va si s-afl\u00e3 ndau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 niscriati ghini. Lucrul a cititorlui va s-hib\u00e3 ca s-li afl\u00e3 aesti zboar\u00e3, s-li scrii cum lipseashti shi s-afl\u00e3 tsi regul\u00e3 dit lectsii avem c\u00e3lcat\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Prublem\u00e3 – Un om, tricut tu ilichii, shcljiop ma mushcljios, imna peanarga shi lishior cu muljarea-a lui c\u00e3tr\u00e3 cas\u00e3. Eara doi arm\u00e3nji uarf\u00e3nji di l\u00e3 aurla vimtul tu trastu shi stranjili mpiticati tsi purta lj-aspunea ca biducljiosh sh-ar\u00e3njiosh. B\u00e3rbatlu imna nintea-a ljei cu-un\u00e3 lamb\u00e3, ca s-lj-aspun\u00e3 calea, c\u00e3 f\u00e3tsea scutidi. Tricur\u00e3 prining\u00e3 un shioput, un\u00e3 f\u00e3nt\u00e3njioar\u00e3, deapoea prining\u00e3 un\u00e3 cas\u00e3 cu firidz lunjinoasi shi sc\u00e3ntiljioasi, dit cari insha un\u00e3 njiurizm\u00e3 di timnjeam\u00e3. Dipusir\u00e3 c\u00e3tr\u00e3 c\u00e3scioara-a lor, un\u00e3 c\u00e3liv\u00e3 veaclji tsi s-videa limbidi la mardzina-a c\u00e3s\u00e3b\u00e3lui. Dup\u00e3 ndau\u00e3 jgljioati lishioari, intrar\u00e3 n cas\u00e3. Moasha shidzu mbadi pi scamnu, sh-c\u00e3 vrea s-m\u00e3c\u00e3 tsiva dultseami, c\u00e3ft\u00e3 a aushlui s\u00e3-lji da niheam\u00e3 njeari. Aushlu lj-u deadi, sh-tr\u00e3 el, lo s-bea mbrostu niheam\u00e3 lapti.<\/p>\n

DIZLIGAREA-A PRUBLEM\u00c3LJEI
\nZboar\u00e3li tsi nu suntu scriati dup\u00e3 regulili-a noastri suntu sumliniati. Deapoea, tr\u00e3 cati zbor, va s-aspunem regulili tsi fur\u00e3 c\u00e3lcati.<\/p>\n

Prublem\u00e3 – Un om, tricut tu ilichii, shcljop ma mushcljos, imna peanarga shi lishor cu muljarea-a lui c\u00e3tr\u00e3 cas\u00e3. Eara doi arm\u00e3nj oarf\u00e3nj di l\u00e3 aurla vimtul tu trastu shi stranjili mpiticati tsi purta lj-aspunea ca biducljosh sh-ar\u00e3njosh. B\u00e3rbatlu imna nintea-a ljei cu-un\u00e3 lamp\u00e3, ca s-lj-aspun\u00e3 calea, c\u00e3 f\u00e3tsea scutidi. Tricur\u00e3 prining\u00e3 un shoput, un\u00e3 f\u00e3nt\u00e3njoar\u00e3, deapoea prining\u00e3 un\u00e3 cas\u00e3 cu firidz lunjinoasi shi sc\u00e3ntiljoasi, dit cari insha un\u00e3 njurizm\u00e3 di timnjam\u00e3. Dipusir\u00e3 c\u00e3tr\u00e3 c\u00e3scioara-a lor, un\u00e3 c\u00e3liv\u00e3 veaclji tsi s-videa limpidi la mardzina-a c\u00e3s\u00e3b\u00e3lui. Dup\u00e3 ndau\u00e3 jgljoati lishoari, intrar\u00e3 n cas\u00e3. Moasha shidzu mpadi pi scamnu, sh-c\u00e3 vrea s-m\u00e3c\u00e3 tsiva dultseami, c\u00e3ft\u00e3 a aushlui s\u00e3-lji da niheam\u00e3 njari. Aushlu lj-u deadi, sh-tr\u00e3 el, lo s-bea mprostu niheam\u00e3 lapti.<\/p>\n

(1) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 semivocalili e shi i nu lipsescu scriari c\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 nj. Tr-atsea zboar\u00e3li: “arm\u00e3nji, uarf\u00e3nji, ar\u00e3njiosh, njiurizm\u00e3, timnjeam\u00e3, f\u00e3nt\u00e3njioar\u00e3, njeari” lipsescu scriari: “arm\u00e3nj, oarf\u00e3nj, ar\u00e3njosh, njurizm\u00e3, timnjam\u00e3, f\u00e3nt\u00e3njoar\u00e3, njari”.
\n(2) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 sonurli io, ioa, ioai, ioau tsi yini dup\u00e3 consoanili j, nj, lj shi sh, lipseashti totna scriari o, oa, oai, oau nu va v\u00e3rn\u00e3oar\u00e3 scriari io, ioa, ioai, ioau. Tr-atsea zboar\u00e3li: “shcljiop, mushcljios, lishior, biducljiosh, ar\u00e3njiosh, shioput, f\u00e3nt\u00e3njioar\u00e3, sc\u00e3ntiljioasi, jgljioati, lishioari” lipsescu scriari: “shcljop, mushcljos, lishor, biducljosh, ar\u00e3njosh, shoput, f\u00e3nt\u00e3njoar\u00e3, sc\u00e3ntiljoasi, jgljoati, lishoari”.
\n(3) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tsi pot s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati shi scriati sh-cu mb sh-cu mp, lipsescu scriari cu mp. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “lamb\u00e3, limbidi, mbadi, mbrostu” lipsescu scriari: “lamp\u00e3, limpidi, mpadi, mprostu”.<\/p>\n

\n

CURSU DI SCRIARI ARM\u00c3NEASC\u00c3<\/strong>
\ndup\u00e3 Regulili Ast\u00e3siti la Simpozionlu di Standardizari a Scriariljei
\nArm\u00e3neasc\u00e3 di Bituli, Avgustu, 1997<\/p>\n

anyrapsit di <\/span>TIBERIUS CUNIA<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LECTSIA 13 – SCRIAREA-A LITIRILOR N, NJ, O, P, R LITIRILI N, NJ Dup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 i parti dit litira compus\u00e3 nj), litira n ari dau\u00e3 sonuri: (i) poati s-aib\u00e3 sonlu-timelj, ascur, c\u00e3ndu nu easti n\u00e3intea-a litir\u00e3ljei j, ca tu zboar\u00e3li car-ni, na-ri, nea-u\u00e3, ni-pot, xea-ni, etc. shi, (ii) poati s-aib\u00e3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-111","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nLECTSIA 13 - TRA ARMANAMI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armanami.org\/blog\/cultura-armanasca\/cursuri-ti-scriari\/lectsia-13\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LECTSIA 13 - 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