{"id":109,"date":"2009-10-07T21:49:29","date_gmt":"2009-10-07T20:49:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/armanami.org\/blog\/?page_id=109"},"modified":"2009-10-07T21:49:29","modified_gmt":"2009-10-07T20:49:29","slug":"lectsia-12","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.armanami.org\/blog\/cultura-armanasca\/cursuri-ti-scriari\/lectsia-12\/","title":{"rendered":"LECTSIA 12"},"content":{"rendered":"

LECTSIA 12 – SCRIAREA-A LITIRILOR J, L, Lj, M<\/span><\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

LITIRA J
\nDup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 ic\u00e3 parti dit un\u00e3 litir\u00e3 compus\u00e3),
\nlitira j ari dau\u00e3 sonuri, un son muljat sh-un son mut. Singura prublem\u00e3 tsi
\nari s-fac\u00e3 cu sonlu j, easti atsea a semivocalilor e shi i tsi s-avdu c\u00e3
\nyin dup\u00e3 j.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3: (1) C\u00e3ndu nu fatsi parti dit litirili compusi lj shi nj, litira j
\nari sonlu-timelj muljat. <\/span>
\n(2) C\u00e3ndu fatsi parti dit litirili compusi lj shi nj, litira j ari sonlu
\nmut, cari nu s-avdi ma al\u00e3xeashti sonlu a litir\u00e3ljei l ic\u00e3 n tsi s-afl\u00e3
\nn\u00e3inti.
\n(3) Semivocalili e shi i nu si scriu c\u00e3ndu s-avdu dup\u00e3 litira simpl\u00e3 j, ic\u00e3
\nlitirili compusi lj shi nj.
\n(4) C\u00e3ndu un zbor ari dau\u00e3 varianti: <\/span>
\n(i) un\u00e3 variant\u00e3 cu litirili l shi j dit gruparea di litiri lj cari s-
\npronunts\u00e3 ca dau\u00e3 litiri ahoryea, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) alt\u00e3 variant\u00e3 iu litirili lj s-avdu ca gruparea di litiri lgi,
\nscriarea lipseashti si s-fac\u00e3 cu lgi, nu cu lj. <\/span>
\nExceptsii la aesti reguli va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3:
\n(1) C\u00e3ndu nu yini dup\u00e3 litirili simpli l shi n, litira j ari sonlu a ljei
\ndi timelj muljat tsi s-avdi ca tu zboar\u00e3li: bu-ja-n\u00e3, coa-ji\/coa-ja, ja-li,
\njar, pea-ji\/peaja, stra-ji\/stra-ja, etc. <\/span>
\nCu tuti c\u00e3 nu si scriu cu je\/ji, aesti zboar\u00e3 s-avdu cu sonlu j muljat, nu
\nascur, va dz\u00e3c\u00e3 eali s-avdu (ma nu si scriu!) ca: bu-jea-n\u00e3, coa-jea,
\njea-li, jear, peajea, stra-jea, etc.
\n(2) C\u00e3ndu easti scriat\u00e3 ca parti dit litirili compusi lj shi nj, litira j
\neasti mut\u00e3 shi easti ufilisit\u00e3 mash tra s-al\u00e3xeasc\u00e3 sonlu a litir\u00e3ljei l
\nshi n din fats\u00e3. Ashi avem zboar\u00e3li: a-r\u00e3-nji\/a-r\u00e3-nje, calj, cljag,
\nclja-i\/clja-e, c\u00e3-pu-lji\/c\u00e3-pu-lje, c\u00e3-runj, c\u00e3r-vea-lji\/c\u00e3r-vea-lje,
\ngionj, jgljoa-t\u00e3, pronj, u-rea-clji\/u-rea-clje, etc. iu j-lu easti mut, shi
\naspuni mash c\u00e3 sonurli-a litirilor l shi n (litirili compusi lj shi nj)
\nsuntu muljati. Di-aesti litiri compusi va si zbur\u00e3m ma nclo. Tora di oar\u00e3
\nvrem mash s-aspunem c\u00e3 sonlu a litir\u00e3ljei j cari yini dup\u00e3 litirili l shi
\nn, easti mut. <\/span>
\n(3) Avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 (tu lectsi-a litir\u00e3ljei g) tr\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li cari s-pronunts\u00e3
\nca dau\u00e3 varianti, un\u00e3 cu j shi alant\u00e3 cu gi\/ge. Ashi afl\u00e3m zboar\u00e3li cari
\nlipsescu scriari (shi pronuntsari): gean-dar, gioc, gio-ni, giu-dets,
\ngiu-di-cat, giu-gas-tru, giu-gii, giun-giu-nar, gium-b\u00e3, giu-mi-ta-ti,
\ngiu-na-mi, giu-nar, giu-na-tic, giun-cu, giu-nel, giu-nes-cu, giu-neash-ti,
\ngiu-nop, giu-p\u00e3, giu-rat, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari: jan-dar, joc, jo-ni, ju-dets, ju-di-cat,
\nju-gas-tru, ju-gi-i, ju-ju-nar, jum-b\u00e3, ju-mi-ta-ti, ju-na-mi, ju-nar,
\nju-na-tic, jun-cu, ju-nel, ju-nes-cu, ju-neash-ti, ju-nop, ju-p\u00e3, ju-rat,
\netc. <\/span>
\n(4) Avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 (tu lectsia-a litir\u00e3ljei g) sh-tr\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li iu j-lu tsi
\nyini dup\u00e3 l shi n s-avdi ca un son ahoryea di l shi n. Ashi avem zboar\u00e3li
\ncari lipsescu scriari cu ge\/gi, ca: con-gi, giun-giu-l\u00e3, nol-gi-can,
\nh\u00e3n-gear, hin-gi, shi fin-gi, etc. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 tsi nu lipsescu scriari cu j ca: con-ji, jun-ju-l\u00e3,
\nnol-ji-can, h\u00e3n-jar, hin-ji, shi fin-ji, etc. <\/span>
\nAvem shi zborlu nji-redz tsi-arm\u00e3ni ca un\u00e3 exceptsie c\u00e3 lipseashti
\npronuntsari n’ji-redz, cu dau\u00e3li somuri n shi j tsi s-avdu ahoryea. <\/span>
\nMa zboar\u00e3li-neologhismi cari, dup\u00e3 noi, lipsescu scriari ca:
\na-ran-gea-men-tu, con-giunc-tsi-i\/con-giunc-tsi-e,
\nin-gec-tsi-i\/in-gec-tsi-e etc. va poat\u00e3 s-arm\u00e3n\u00e3, tr\u00e3 tora di oar\u00e3, scriati
\nsh-ca exceptsiili: a-ran-ja-men-tu, con-junc-tsi-i\/con-junc-tsi-e,
\nin-jec-tsi-i\/in-jec-tsi-e, etc.
\nNot\u00e3 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 easti ghini si s\u00e3 shtib\u00e3 c\u00e3 suntu locuri iu si scrii
\ncu sh, c\u00e3ndu zbur\u00e3rea s-fatsi cu j. Tr\u00e3 exemplu, avem expresii ca:
\nsh-vidzui, sh-b\u00e3gai, etc. tsi s-avdu shi cu sh, ma s-avdu shi cu j, va
\ndz\u00e3c\u00e3 s-avdu sh-ca: j-vidzui, j-b\u00e3gai, etc. Cum sh-lu yini di la zborlu
\nshi, easti ghini si si scrii totna sh-, nu j-; s-nu s\u00e3 ngr\u00e3pseasc\u00e3 cu j,
\nashi cum u f\u00e3tsea Pericli Papahagi tu c\u00e3rts\u00e3li a lui di-aoa sh-un\u00e3 sut\u00e3 di
\nanj.<\/p>\n

LITIRILI L, LJ <\/span>
\nDup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 ic\u00e3 parti dit litira compus\u00e3 lj),
\nlitira l ari dau\u00e3 sonuri:
\n(i) c\u00e3ndu nu easti n\u00e3intea-a litir\u00e3ljei j, litira l ari sonlu-timelj,
\nascur, ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-las, lap-ti, la-l\u00e3, lup, etc. shi,
\n(ii) c\u00e3ndu easti n\u00e3intea-a litir\u00e3ljei j, litira l ari un son muljat ca tu
\nzboar\u00e3li: a-ljum-trea, calj, lja-nu-r\u00e3, ljau, lje-pu-ri, mu-lja-ri,
\nfu-melj, moa-lji, nji-lji, njilj, etc.
\nLa scriarea-a sonlui l, ascur ic\u00e3 muljat, avem dau\u00e3 prublemi njits, tr\u00e3
\ncari avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 n\u00e3inti, tu alti lectsii, sh-cari li-adutsem aminti tu
\nregula di ma nghios.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3: (1) C\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3 litira compus\u00e3 lj (l-muljat), semivocalili e shi
\ni nu si scriu; sonurli e shi i si scriu mash c\u00e3ndu suntu vocali.
\n(2) C\u00e3ndu un zbor ari dau\u00e3 varianti: <\/span>
\n(i) un\u00e3 variant\u00e3 cu litirili l shi j dit gruparea di litiri lj cari s-
\npronunts\u00e3 ca dau\u00e3 litiri ahoryea, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) alt\u00e3 variant\u00e3 iu litirili lj s-avdu ca gruparea di litiri lgi,
\nscriarea lipseashti si s-fac\u00e3 cu lgi, nu cu lj. <\/span>
\nExceptsii la aesti reguli va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, <\/span>
\n(1) Semivocalili (vocalili shcurti) e shi i nu si scriu c\u00e3ndu yin dup\u00e3
\nlitira compus\u00e3 lj; si scriu mash c\u00e3ndu suntu vocali. Tr-atsea, aht\u00e3ri
\nzboar\u00e3 lipsescu scriari ca zboar\u00e3li: a-ljum-trea, calj, lja-nu-r\u00e3, ljau,
\nlje-pu-ri, mu-lja-ri, fu-melj, njilj, etc. <\/span>
\nZboar\u00e3li di ma nsus nu lipsescu scriari ca: a-ljium-trea, calji,
\nljia-nu-r\u00e3\/ljea-nu-r\u00e3, ljiau\/ljeau, ljie-pu-ri, mu-ljia-ri\/mu-ljea-ri,
\nfu-melji, njilji, etc. <\/span>
\nPi di-alt\u00e3 parti, lipseashti scriari: lje-pu-ri, nji-lji, etc. c\u00e3 sonurli e
\nshi i (dit aesti dau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 di la singular) suntu vocali. <\/span>
\n(2) C\u00e3ndu avem zbur\u00e3t\u00e3 di litira j, avem dz\u00e3s\u00e3 c\u00e3 avem zboar\u00e3-exceptsii iu
\ndau\u00e3li litiri l shi j (tsi pot s-hib\u00e3 scriati deadun ca tu litira compus\u00e3
\nlj), s-avdu ca dau\u00e3 litiri ahoryea, l-j. Zborlu tsi lu-avem dat\u00e3 atumtsea
\nca exemplu easti nol-ji-can pronuntsat cu sonlu l tsi s-avdi ahoryea di
\nsonlu j (zborlu nu s-pronunts\u00e3 cu sonlu muljat lj ca no-lji-can), zbor tsi
\nlipseashti scriari nol-gi-can, nu noljican.<\/p>\n

LITIRA M
\nLitira m ari mash sonlu-timelj ca tu zboar\u00e3li: a-ma-ri, am-bar, mun-ti,
\nnum-t\u00e3, pu-moa-r\u00e3, etc.
\nPrublema tsi putem s-u-avem cu scriarea-a sonlui m, easti c\u00e3 omlu nu shtii
\ncum s-li ngr\u00e3pseasc\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li cari pot si s-avd\u00e3 dau\u00e3 turlii, sh-cu sonlu m
\nsh-cu sonlu n.<\/p>\n

Regul\u00e3: (1) Zboar\u00e3li cari <\/span>
\n(i) pot si s-avd\u00e3 dau\u00e3 turlii, sh-cu sonlu m sh-cu sonlu n, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonurlor b, p, t shi ts,
\nlipsescu scriari mash cu m, nu cu n. <\/span>
\n(2) Zboar\u00e3li cari s-avdu un\u00e3 singur\u00e3 turlie, ic\u00e3 cu m, ic\u00e3 cu n, lipsescu
\nscriari ashi cum s-avdu. <\/span>
\n(3) Ma multili zboar\u00e3 tsi au sonlu m\/n n\u00e3intea-a sonurlor f shi v, va si s\u00e3
\nscrii cu n, nu cu m. Ma avem shi zboar\u00e3 tsi si scriu cu m. <\/span>
\nExceptsii la aesti reguli va hib\u00e3 aspusi tu un dictsiunar niscriat ninga.<\/p>\n

Bun\u00e3oar\u00e3:
\n(1) (i) Zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui b, shi cari
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n, suntu: am-ba-ir, am-bar, as-cum-bu-ses-cu,
\na-um-br\u00e3, bum-bac, bum-bu-nea-dz\u00e3, c\u00e3m-ba-n\u00e3, c\u00e3m-bu-r\u00e3, cim-ber, cim-bros,
\ncu-lu-tum-ba, d\u00e3m-b\u00e3-r\u00e3, d\u00e3m-bl\u00e3, em-bur, flam-bur\u00e3, gram-bo, grum-bur,
\nl\u00e3m-bic, lim-b\u00e3, lum-bar-d\u00e3, mb\u00e3r-b\u00e3-tedz, mb\u00e3r-ghi-cea, mbir-du-es-cu,
\nmbi-tat, mbo-gru, mbolj, mbrus-te-l\u00e3, mbu-lji-ses-cu, mbu-nedz, stam-bo-li,
\nstr\u00e3m-bu, stum-bu, t\u00e3m-bari, tom-bu, tram-p\u00e3, tream-bur, tum-b\u00e3, vom-bir
\nshi alti poati tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari cu n ca: an-ba-ir, an-bar,
\nas-cun-bu-ses-cu, a-un-br\u00e3, bun-bac, bun-bu-nea-dz\u00e3, c\u00e3n-ba-n\u00e3, c\u00e3n-bu-r\u00e3,
\ncin-ber, cin-bros, cu-lu-tun-ba, d\u00e3n-b\u00e3-r\u00e3, d\u00e3n-bl\u00e3, en-bur, flan-bur\u00e3,
\ngran-bo, grun-bur, l\u00e3n-bic, lin-b\u00e3, lun-bar-d\u00e3, nb\u00e3r-b\u00e3-tedz, nb\u00e3r-ghi-cea,
\nnbir-du-es-cu, nbi-tat, nbo-gru, nbolj, nbrus-te-l\u00e3, nbu-lji-ses-cu,
\nnbu-nedz, stan-bo-li, str\u00e3n-bu, stun-bu, t\u00e3n-bari, ton-bu, tran-p\u00e3,
\ntrean-bur, tun-b\u00e3, von-bir, etc. <\/span>
\n(ii) Zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui p, shi cari
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n, suntu: a-cum-p\u00e3r, am-pa-tru-lea,
\nam-pi-hiur, am-pla-tea, as-cum-p\u00e3r, c\u00e3m-pu, im-pe-ti-g\u00e3, lam-p\u00e3, lamp-si,
\nmpar-tu, mpa-tur, mp\u00e3r-ji-nedz, mp\u00e3-tu-ra-ri, mpea-tic, mpea-tur,
\nmpi-pi-redz, mpi-ru-shedz, mpi-zu-es-cu, mplas-cu, mpl\u00e3-tescu, mplin,
\nmpl-ua-ri, mprad, mpra-p\u00e3, mpr\u00e3-njes-cu, mpri-u-n\u00e3, mpros-tu, mpru-mut,
\nmprus-tedz, mpu-li-ses-cu, mpu-ljedz, mpush-cljedz, mput, mpu-ts\u00e3-nedz,
\npam-po-ri, scum-pu, stim-pi-nat, t\u00e3m-p\u00e3, tem-plu, tim-pu, tim-pu-riu,
\ntram-p\u00e3, trum-pe-t\u00e3, um-plu shi alti poati tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari cu n ca: a-cun-p\u00e3r, an-pa-tru-lea,
\nan-pi-hiur, an-pla-tea, as-cun-p\u00e3r, c\u00e3n-pu, in-pe-ti-g\u00e3, lan-p\u00e3, lanp-si,
\nnpar-tu, npa-tur, np\u00e3r-ji-nedz, np\u00e3-tu-ra-ri, npea-tic, npea-tur,
\nnpi-pi-redz, npi-ru-shedz, npi-zu-es-cu, nplas-cu, npl\u00e3-tescu, nplin,
\nnpl-ua-ri, nprad, npra-p\u00e3, npr\u00e3-njes-cu, npri-u-n\u00e3, npros-tu, npru-mut,
\nnprus-tedz, npu-li-ses-cu, npu-ljedz, npush-cljedz, nput, npu-ts\u00e3-nedz,
\npan-po-ri, scun-pu, stin-pi-nat, t\u00e3n-p\u00e3, ten-plu, tin-pu, tin-pu-riu,
\ntran-p\u00e3, trun-pe-t\u00e3, un-plu, etc. <\/span>
\n(iii) Zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui t, shi cari
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n, suntu: a-cum-tin, a-gium-tu, a-lim-tu,
\na-ljum-trea, a-lum-tu, a-prim-tu, as-cum-tu, as-tim-tu, a-um-tu,
\naz-vim-tu-rat, dis-fim-tu, fr\u00e3m-ti, fr\u00e3m-tu, ghim-t\u00e3, ghim-tues-cu, num-t\u00e3,
\npim-tu, pi-trum-tu, pl\u00e3m-tu, prim-tu, s\u00e3m-tu, spir-lim-tu, strim-tu,
\ntsim-tu, tum-tu, um-tu, um-tu-r\u00e3, vim-tu shi alti tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3 poati. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari (cu tuti c\u00e3 pot si s-pronunts\u00e3) cu n ca:
\na-cun-tin, a-giun-tu, a-lin-tu, a-ljun-trea, a-lun-tu, a-prin-tu,
\nas-cun-tu, as-tin-tu, a-un-tu, az-vin-tu-rat, dis-fin-tu, fr\u00e3n-ti, fr\u00e3n-tu,
\nghin-t\u00e3, ghin-tues-cu, nun-t\u00e3, pin-tu, pi-trun-tu, pl\u00e3n-tu, prin-tu,
\ns\u00e3n-tu, spir-lin-tu, strin-tu, tsin-tu, tun-tu, un-tu, un-tu-r\u00e3, vin-tu, etc. <\/span>
\n(iv) Zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui t shi ts, shi cari
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n, suntu: a-s\u00e3m-tses-cu, a-tum-tsea,
\nfr\u00e3m-tsea-u\u00e3, sim-ts\u00e3 shi alti tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3 poati. <\/span>
\nAesti zboar\u00e3 nu lipsescu scriari (cu tuti c\u00e3 pot si s-pronunts\u00e3) cu n ca:
\na-s\u00e3n-tses-cu, a-tun-tsea, fr\u00e3n-tsea-u\u00e3, sin-ts\u00e3, etc. <\/span>
\nNota 1 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 avem: <\/span>
\n(i) ndau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 cari s-pronunts\u00e3 mash cu m, sh-cari lipsescu scriari cu m,
\nca: a-dim-tu, bim-ts\u00e3, d\u00e3m-ts\u00e3 (pluralu di la dam-c\u00e3), neam-tsu, sem-ti,
\nshi alti poati tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3; <\/span>
\n(ii) alti multi, multi zboar\u00e3 cari s-pronunts\u00e3 mash cu n, sh-cari lipsescu
\nscriari cu n, ca: c\u00e3n-tu, din-ti, f\u00e3n-t\u00e3-n\u00e3, in-tru, min-tes-cu, min-ti,
\nmun-ti, mur-min-tu, n\u00e3-in-ti, n\u00e3-un-tru, ntreg, ntsap, ntu-nea-ric,
\nntur-tses-cu, sun-tu, etc. etc. etc. shi <\/span>
\n(iii) zboar\u00e3 tsi s-avdu shi putem s-li-afl\u00e3m scriati dau\u00e3li turlii, ca:
\nmbi-du-cljedz shi mpi-du-cljedz, mbis-ti-men shi mpis-ti-men, etc.
\nNota 2 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 multi zboar\u00e3 di ma nsus:
\n(i) au sh-dirivati tsi nu suntu aspusi aoa, <\/span>
\n(ii) pot s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati shi scriati cu vocala a shi vocala \u00e3 ad\u00e3vgat\u00e3
\ntu nchisita-a zborlui shi <\/span>
\n(iii) pot s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati shi cu litira b tu loc di p, ic\u00e3 p tu loc di b
\n(vedz regula dit lectsia-a litir\u00e3ljei b). <\/span>
\nUn\u00e3 exceptsie la aest\u00e3 regul\u00e3 easti vecljul zbor di ar\u00e3zg\u00e3 nturtseasc\u00e3
\n(chirut dit limba di adz\u00e3) on-bash. Tut tu catiguria di exceptsii va
\ns-b\u00e3g\u00e3m shi zboar\u00e3 compusi ca: mp\u00e3-za-ri, mPo-li, etc. tsi va lipseasc\u00e3
\nscriari n p\u00e3-za-ri, n Po-li, etc.<\/p>\n

(2) Zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonurlor f shi v, shi cari
\nlipsescu scriari cu n, nu cu m, suntu, ashi cum li-afl\u00e3m tu dictsiunarlu al
\nPapahagi: az-vin-gu, ca-ran-fi-l\u00e3, fan-fu-r\u00e3, gean-fe-si, grun-fla-ri,
\nnfar-m\u00e3c, nfash, nf\u00e3-ri-nedz, nf\u00e3r-m\u00e3-cos, nf\u00e3-shi-min-tu, nflu-ca-t\u00e3,
\nnflu-res-cu, nfolj, nfri-cu-shedz, nfri-gu-redz, nfrun-dz\u00e3s-cu,
\nnfu-mi-ljedz, nfush-tedz, nvap-su, nv\u00e3-les-cu, nv\u00e3r-li-ga, nv\u00e3r-tes-cu,
\nnv\u00e3r-tu-shedz, nveas-t\u00e3, nver, nves-cu, nvets, nvi-cljedz, nvi-du-es-cu,
\nnvin-gu, nvi-ni-ts\u00e3s-cu, nvi-pi-redz, nvir-dz\u00e3s-cu, nvi-redz, nvi-rin,
\nnvi-ri-nedz, nvis-c\u00e3-min-tu, nvish-tes-cu, nvish-ti-dz\u00e3s-cu, nvis-ta-ljan,
\nnvol-bu, nvrag, nvul-bari, sin-fer, sin-fo-n\u00e3, sin-fu-ni-i\/sin-fu-ni-e shi
\nalti poati tsi n-asc\u00e3par\u00e3. <\/span>
\nNot\u00e3 – B\u00e3gats oar\u00e3 c\u00e3 multi zboar\u00e3 di ma nsus: <\/span>
\n(i) au sh-dirivati tsi nu suntu aspusi aoa, ca bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, az-vim-tu, cari nu
\ns\u00e3 ngr\u00e3pseashti az-vin-tu, shi <\/span>
\n(ii) pot s-hib\u00e3 pronuntsati shi scriati cu vocala a shi vocala \u00e3 ad\u00e3vgat\u00e3
\ntu nchisita-a zborlui, ca bun\u00e3oar\u00e3, zboar\u00e3li an-v\u00e3r-tes-cu shi
\n\u00e3n-v\u00e3r-tes-cu cari lipsescu si s\u00e3 scrii nv\u00e3r-tes-cu, dup\u00e3 cum u-avem spus\u00e3
\ntu lectsiili-a sonurlor a shi \u00e3. <\/span>
\nSingurli exceptsii tsi putum s-afl\u00e3m p\u00e3n\u00e3 tora suntu zboar\u00e3li: am-vo-ni shi
\ncam-fu-r\u00e3.<\/p>\n

\nPRUBLEM\u00c3
\nTu-aest\u00e3 prublem\u00e3 va d\u00e3m un textu tu cari va si s-afl\u00e3 multi zboar\u00e3
\nniscriati ghini. Ma va s-avem shi ndau\u00e3 zboar\u00e3 tsi suntu ghini scriati.
\nLucrul a cititorlui va s-hib\u00e3 ta s-li afl\u00e3 (i) zboar\u00e3li niscriati ghini,
\ns-li ngr\u00e3pseasc\u00e3 cum lipseashti shi s-afl\u00e3 tsi regul\u00e3 dit lectsia di ma
\nnsus avem c\u00e3lcat\u00e3 tu scriari; shi (ii) zboar\u00e3li scriati ghini.<\/p>\n

Prublem\u00e3 – Eara primuvear\u00e3, p\u00e3durli nchisir\u00e3 s\u00e3 nfrundzasc\u00e3, lilicili
\nnchisir\u00e3 s\u00e3 nflureasc\u00e3, ponjlji s\u00e3 nvirdzasc\u00e3. P\u00e3zarea eara nplin\u00e3 di
\noaminj. Di-un\u00e3 parti s-afla un\u00e3 muljeari tsi shi nf\u00e3sha njitslji, tsi
\nnpitica ndau\u00e3 stranji tra s-lji nveasc\u00e3 ficiorlji ma m\u00e3ri, sh-cari nplitea
\np\u00e3rpodz, nu multu scunpi, tr\u00e3 vindeari. Nu para-lj nidzea lucurlu mbar c\u00e3,
\ncu vindearea-a p\u00e3rpodzlor, nu scutea carishti c\u00e3ts paradz. Tr-atsea,
\nb\u00e3rbatslj-a lor, nvirinats c\u00e3 nu-avea paradz mults\u00e3, muta fr\u00e3ntseaua nsus,
\nsh-loa cu nprumut tra s-acunp\u00e3r\u00e3 tr\u00e3 fumeljli-a lor f\u00e3rin\u00e3, carni, untu,
\nuntur\u00e3 sh-cash. <\/span>
\nNafoar\u00e3 nchisi s-cad\u00e3 ploaea sh-tserlu trunduea di bunbunidz\u00e3ri. Pri-aoa
\nsh-pri-aclo videai c\u00e3ti-un\u00e3 muljeari nfricushat\u00e3, trinbura di-arcoari sh-di
\nvintul aratsi. C\u00e3nb\u00e3njli nchisir\u00e3 s-bat\u00e3 la bisearic\u00e3 shi nveastili tiniri
\nsh-featsir\u00e3 crutsea. Atuntsea intrar\u00e3 tu bisearic\u00e3 shi vrur\u00e3 si s\u00e3 ncljin\u00e3
\nnproasti la s\u00e3nts\u00e3lj dit bisearic\u00e3. Vrur\u00e3 s-ljea s-aprind\u00e3 sh-lunb\u00e3rdz\u00e3.
\nJeali mari c\u00e3 nu l-agiundzea paradzlji.<\/p>\n

DIZLIGAREA-A PRUBLEM\u00c3LJEI
\nZboar\u00e3li tsi nu suntu scriati ghini (shi ndau\u00e3 alti cari suntu scriati
\nghini) va s-hib\u00e3 sumliniati. Deapoea, tr\u00e3 cati zbor, va s-aspunem regulili
\ntsi fur\u00e3 (i nu fur\u00e3) c\u00e3lcati.<\/p>\n

Prublem\u00e3 -Eara primuvear\u00e3, p\u00e3durli nchisir\u00e3 s\u00e3 nfrundzasc\u00e3, lilicili
\nnchisir\u00e3 s\u00e3 nflureasc\u00e3, ponjlji s\u00e3 nvirdzasc\u00e3. P\u00e3zarea eara mplin\u00e3 di
\noaminj. Di-un\u00e3 parti s-afla un\u00e3 muljeari tsi shi nf\u00e3sha njitslji, tsi
\nmpitica ndau\u00e3 stranji tra s-lji nveasc\u00e3 ficiorlji ma m\u00e3ri, sh-cari mplitea
\np\u00e3rpodz, nu multu scumpi, tr\u00e3 vindeari. Nu para-lj nidzea lucurlu mbar c\u00e3,
\ncu vindearea-a p\u00e3rpodzlor, nu scutea carishti c\u00e3ts paradz. Tr-atsea,
\nb\u00e3rbatslj-a lor, nvirinats c\u00e3 nu-avea paradz mults\u00e3, muta fr\u00e3mtseaua nsus,
\nsh-loa cu mprumut tra s-acump\u00e3r\u00e3 tr\u00e3 fumeljli-a lor f\u00e3rin\u00e3, carni, umtu,
\numtur\u00e3 sh-cash. <\/span>
\nNafoar\u00e3 nchisi s-cad\u00e3 ploaea sh-tserlu trunduea di bumbunidz\u00e3ri. Pri-aoa
\nsh-pri-aclo videai c\u00e3ti-un\u00e3 muljeari nfricushat\u00e3, trimbura di-arcoari sh-di
\nvimtul aratsi. C\u00e3mb\u00e3njli nchisir\u00e3 s-bat\u00e3 la bisearic\u00e3 shi nveastili tiniri
\nsh-featsir\u00e3 crutsea. Atumtsea intrar\u00e3 tu bisearic\u00e3 shi vrur\u00e3 si s\u00e3 ncljin\u00e3
\nmproasti la s\u00e3mts\u00e3lj dit bisearic\u00e3. Vrur\u00e3 s-ljea s-aprind\u00e3 sh-lumb\u00e3rdz\u00e3.
\nJeali mari c\u00e3 nu l-agiundzea paradzlji.<\/p>\n

(1) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 semivocalili e shi i tsi yin dup\u00e3 sonlu j (lj shi nj)
\nnu si scriu. Tr-atsea zboar\u00e3li: “muljeari, ljea, jeali” lipsescu scriari:
\n“muljari, lja, jali”.
\n(2) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui b,
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “nbar, bunbunidz\u00e3ri,
\ntrinbura, c\u00e3nb\u00e3njli, lunb\u00e3rdz\u00e3” lipsescu scriari: “mbar, bumbunidz\u00e3ri,
\ntrimbura, c\u00e3mb\u00e3njli, lumb\u00e3rdz\u00e3”.
\n(3) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui p,
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “nplin\u00e3, npitica,
\nnplitea, scunpi, nprumut, acunp\u00e3r\u00e3, nproasti” lipsescu scriari: “mplin\u00e3,
\nmpitica, mplitea, scumpi, mprumut, acump\u00e3r\u00e3, mproasti”
\n(4) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui t,
\nlipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “untu, untur\u00e3, vintul”
\nlipsescu scriari: “umtu, umtur\u00e3, vimtul”.
\n(5) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui
\nts, lipsescu scriari cu m, nu cu n. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “fr\u00e3ntseaua,
\natuntsea, s\u00e3nts\u00e3lj” lipsescu scriari: “fr\u00e3mtseaua, atumtsea, s\u00e3mts\u00e3lj”
\n(6) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui f,
\nlipsescu scriari cu n, nu cu m. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “nfrundzasc\u00e3,
\nnflureasc\u00e3, nf\u00e3sha, nfricushat\u00e3” suntu scriati cum lipseashti.
\n(7) Regula dz\u00e3tsi c\u00e3 zboar\u00e3li tr\u00e3 cari sonlu m\/n s-afl\u00e3 n\u00e3intea-a sonlui v,
\nlipsescu scriari cu n, nu cu m. Tr-atsea, zboar\u00e3li: “nvirdzasc\u00e3, nveasc\u00e3,
\nnvirinats, nveastili” suntu scriati cum lipseashti.<\/p>\n

\n

CURSU DI SCRIARI ARM\u00c3NEASC\u00c3<\/strong>
\ndup\u00e3 Regulili Ast\u00e3siti la Simpozionlu di Standardizari a Scriariljei
\nArm\u00e3neasc\u00e3 di Bituli, Avgustu, 1997<\/p>\n

anyrapsit di <\/span>TIBERIUS CUNIA<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LECTSIA 12 – SCRIAREA-A LITIRILOR J, L, Lj, M LITIRA J Dup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 ic\u00e3 parti dit un\u00e3 litir\u00e3 compus\u00e3), litira j ari dau\u00e3 sonuri, un son muljat sh-un son mut. Singura prublem\u00e3 tsi ari s-fac\u00e3 cu sonlu j, easti atsea a semivocalilor e shi i tsi s-avdu c\u00e3 yin dup\u00e3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-109","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nLECTSIA 12 - TRA ARMANAMI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.armanami.org\/blog\/cultura-armanasca\/cursuri-ti-scriari\/lectsia-12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LECTSIA 12 - TRA ARMANAMI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"LECTSIA 12 – SCRIAREA-A LITIRILOR J, L, Lj, M LITIRA J Dup\u00e3 cum easti scriat\u00e3 (ca litir\u00e3 simpl\u00e3 ic\u00e3 parti dit un\u00e3 litir\u00e3 compus\u00e3), litira j ari dau\u00e3 sonuri, un son muljat sh-un son mut. 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